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  • Technology means the use of people’s inventions and discoveries to satisfy their needs. Through
    the ages, people have invented tools, machines, and materials to make work easier.
    The speed of technological change in the past 100 years has been incredible. The early
    telephones were large, and they didn't even have dials or buttons. You picked up a receiver and talked to
    an operator who made the call for you. Nowadays, cellular telephones fit in our pockets, and we can use
    them to make phone calls from anywhere. In supermarkets scanners read bar codes on products
    packaging, and the prices are recorded by a computerized cash register. We can use ATMs (automated
    teller machines) to do bank transactions.
    A personal computer has dramatically improved our lives. We can easily create documents,
    store information, and analyze data - at work or at home. The Internet allows us to send and receive e-
    mail messages, connects us to the World Wide Web, and allows us to go shopping online. "Smart
    homes" operated by computers turn lights on and off as people enter or leave rooms.
    Science has contributed much to modern technology. Scientists study a wide variety of subjects.
    Some scientists search for clues to the origin of the Universe and examine the structure of the cells of
    living plants and animals. Other researchers try to solve complicated mathematical problems.
    Scientific study can be divided into three major groups: the natural, social, and technical
    sciences. All sciences are closely interconnected.

    TASK 1 Complete the following sentences in a logical way.
    1 Technology is….
    2 Scientists study
    3 There are 3 major groups of ….
    4 All sciences are ….
    5 Science has contributed much to ….

    TASK 2 Find synonyms for the following words.
    Instrument, mechanism, century, big, key, goods, cost, to amend, to keep, to switch on/off, to come in, contemporary, to research, to inspect, to decide, interlinked.

    TASK 3 Complete the sentences about your country 100 years ago with a suitable word in the negative.
    1 People _______________ computer games.
    5 People _________________________ TV.
    2 People ____________________ rock music.
    6 People ________________________ jeans.
    3 People _________________________ cars.
    7 People _________________ mobile phones.
    4 People ___________________ hamburgers.
    8 People _____________________ by plane.

    TASK 4 Rewrite the sentences according to the model.
    Nowadays cellular telephones help us make phone calls from anywhere. They fit in our pockets. -
    Nowadays cellular telephones that (which) fit in our pockets help us make phone calls from anywhere.
    1 Coca-Cola is sold in more than 160 countries. It is one of the most popular drinks.
    2 Scanners are used in supermarkets. They read bar codes on products packaging
    3 A computer is a machine. It is used to process large amounts of information.
    4 An ATM is a machine. It is used for bank transactions.
    5 The student took part at a scientific conference. He is interested in the energy saving problem.
    6 A young engineer presented a project. It was approved by the commetee.
    7 Scientists discuss many problems. The problems are of importance nowadays.
    8 The scientist presented the results of the experiment. It was carried out last month.
    9 The transistor is used in many electronic devices. It was invented in 1948
    10 People have invented tools and machines. They make work easier.

    TASK 5 Fill the gaps in the sentences with the verbs in their correct tense (Present Perfect or
    Past Simple).
    1 In 1864 Henry Sorby first _________ (reveal) the microstructure of a metal.
    2 Modern techniques _____________ (make) it possible to see further into the structure of materials.
    3 By now, engineers ___________ (develop) new materials with improved characteristics.
    4 Manfred von Ardenne _________ (discover) a scanning electron microscope (SEM) in 1937
    5 Scientists __________ (discover) a lot of new materials.
    6 The scientist ___________ (write) an article on crystal structure last month.

    TASK 6 Make up your own dialogues about two models of …
    - portable radio (with rechargeable or normal batteries, red or black colour, of different weight and
    dimensions, etc.);
    - walkie-talkie (with / without GPS receiver built-in, of different colours, sizes, and price, waterproof,
    etc.)

  • TASK 1

    Technology is people’s inventions and discoveries to satisfy their needs.

    Scientists study a wide variety of subjects such as the Universe, plants and animals solve complicated mathematical problems.

    There are 3 major groups of the natural, social, and technical sciences.

    All sciences are closely interconnected.

    Science has contributed much to modern technology.

  • TASK 2

    Instrument - tool
    mechanism - machine
    century - age
    big - large
    key - major
    goods - products
    cost - price
    to amend - to improve
    to keep - to store
    to switch on/off - to turn on / off
    to come in - to enter
    contemporary - modern
    to research - to study
    to inspect - to examine
    to decide - to solve
    interlinked - interconnected